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- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Introduction_to_Criminal_Law/09%3A_Criminal_Homicide/9.05%3A_Second-Degree_MurderThis page explains second-degree murder, distinguishing it from first-degree murder. It describes second-degree murder as non-premeditated, involving implied malice and depraved heart murder, which is...This page explains second-degree murder, distinguishing it from first-degree murder. It describes second-degree murder as non-premeditated, involving implied malice and depraved heart murder, which is marked by recklessness and indifference to life. The text notes that reckless actions, such as impaired driving, can raise charges from manslaughter to second-degree murder.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Introduction_to_Criminal_Law/07%3A_Parties_to_Crime/7.04%3A_End-of-Chapter_MaterialThis page examines legal concepts of complicity and accomplice liability in crimes, detailing distinctions between principals and accessories. It emphasizes that accomplices are liable for assisting i...This page examines legal concepts of complicity and accomplice liability in crimes, detailing distinctions between principals and accessories. It emphasizes that accomplices are liable for assisting in crimes, while accessories aid post-crime. Key doctrines like the natural and probable consequences and vicarious liability in corporate contexts are discussed alongside legal cases that clarify the requirements for establishing liability and intent.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Introduction_to_Criminal_Law/07%3A_Parties_to_Crime/7.03%3A_AccessoryThis page explains the distinction between accomplice liability and accessory crimes, noting that accomplices share responsibility for the principal's crime, while accessories commit a separate offens...This page explains the distinction between accomplice liability and accessory crimes, noting that accomplices share responsibility for the principal's crime, while accessories commit a separate offense. It outlines the required intent and elements of accessory crimes, particularly aiding a principal after a felony. Grading of these crimes varies by jurisdiction and is often less severe than for principal crimes. The text includes examples, case law, and exercises to enhance understanding.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Introduction_to_Criminal_Law/08%3A_Inchoate_Offenses/8.03%3A_SolicitationThis page discusses solicitation as an inchoate crime involving the encouragement of another to commit a crime, requiring specific intent and actions. Voluntary renunciation may serve as a defense if ...This page discusses solicitation as an inchoate crime involving the encouragement of another to commit a crime, requiring specific intent and actions. Voluntary renunciation may serve as a defense if it prevents the solicited crime. Jurisdictional differences exist in grading solicitation offenses, either aligned with the severity of the solicited crime or through different classifications. The concept is also connected to attempts and conspiracy within legal frameworks.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Introduction_to_Criminal_Law/08%3A_Inchoate_Offenses/8.04%3A_End-of-Chapter_MaterialThis page explores inchoate crimes—attempt, conspiracy, and solicitation—highlighting their focus on preventing criminal conduct. Key concepts include the requirement for substantial steps in attempts...This page explores inchoate crimes—attempt, conspiracy, and solicitation—highlighting their focus on preventing criminal conduct. Key concepts include the requirement for substantial steps in attempts, the agreement in conspiracy, and urging in solicitation. It discusses legal principles and rulings, including overturning convictions due to insufficient evidence and the challenges of proving conspiracy.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Civil_Law/Foundations_of_Business_Law_and_the_Legal_Environment/06%3A_Criminal_Law/6.01%3A_Introduction_to_Criminal_LawThis page examines criminal law, highlighting its foundation in ancient traditions and emphasis on state prosecution for societal harm. It discusses key concepts such as criminal intent, responsibilit...This page examines criminal law, highlighting its foundation in ancient traditions and emphasis on state prosecution for societal harm. It discusses key concepts such as criminal intent, responsibility, and constitutional rights, along with the importance of clear statutory definitions. Unlike civil law, victims cannot dismiss charges, as the state holds prosecutorial power. A crime comprises both an action (actus reus) and the intent (mens rea) behind that action.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Civil_Law/Foundations_of_Business_Law_and_the_Legal_Environment/06%3A_Criminal_Law/6.04%3A_ResponsibilityThis page discusses the legal concepts of criminal intent and various excuses that can limit or eliminate responsibility for crimes. It highlights mens rea, which varies with the crime's nature, and o...This page discusses the legal concepts of criminal intent and various excuses that can limit or eliminate responsibility for crimes. It highlights mens rea, which varies with the crime's nature, and outlines common excuses like mistakes of fact, entrapment, compulsion, and lack of capacity (infancy, insanity). The text notes that not all crimes necessitate intent, particularly in regulatory matters, emphasizing the complexity of excuses and the critical role of intent in determining guilt.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Introduction_to_Criminal_Law/06%3A_Criminal_Defenses_Part_2/6.02%3A_Infancy_Intoxication_Ignorance_and_MistakeThis page discusses various legal defenses in criminal law, focusing on mistakes of law and fact. A mistake of law can serve as a defense if it negates the required state of mind, particularly when th...This page discusses various legal defenses in criminal law, focusing on mistakes of law and fact. A mistake of law can serve as a defense if it negates the required state of mind, particularly when the defendant reasonably relied on inaccurate legal information. Conversely, a mistake of fact may negate intent, but is not applicable to strict liability crimes.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Introduction_to_Criminal_Law/07%3A_Parties_to_Crime/7.01%3A_Parties_to_CrimeThis page discusses accomplice liability in criminal law, emphasizing how individuals who assist in crimes can be charged based on their intent and awareness. It explains the natural and probable cons...This page discusses accomplice liability in criminal law, emphasizing how individuals who assist in crimes can be charged based on their intent and awareness. It explains the natural and probable consequences doctrine, holding accomplices responsible for foreseeable related crimes. Notably, accomplices can face the same penalties as principals, regardless of whether the principal is prosecuted.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Introduction_to_Criminal_Law/12%3A_Crimes_against_the_Public/12.01%3A_Quality-of-Life_CrimesThis page outlines disorderly conduct laws, covering elements like criminal act and intent, and its impact on public life. It discusses the classification of offenses under the Model Penal Code and hi...This page outlines disorderly conduct laws, covering elements like criminal act and intent, and its impact on public life. It discusses the classification of offenses under the Model Penal Code and highlights legal challenges to vagrancy, loitering, and sit-lie laws, particularly regarding constitutional rights.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Introduction_to_Criminal_Law/04%3A_The_Elements_of_a_Crime/4.01%3A_Criminal_ElementsThis page discusses the origins of criminal acts, including statutes, contractual obligations, and special relationships. It outlines the components of crime, such as the necessity of a criminal act, ...This page discusses the origins of criminal acts, including statutes, contractual obligations, and special relationships. It outlines the components of crime, such as the necessity of a criminal act, intent, and concurrence, and differentiates between voluntary and involuntary acts.
