2.22: CRJ 1C ch 1.4 Multiple Choice Questions (23)
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A jury, usually composed of 23 jurors, that are tasked with determining if the state has enough evidence to hold a criminal trial.
- Grand Jury
- Preliminary Hearing
- Standing Mute
- Indictment
A hearing to determine of enough evidence exists that a person committed a crime to move on to a trial.
- Knowingly and Voluntarily
- Preliminary Hearing
- Magistrate
- Grand Jury
The first time an accused person is brought before a judge.
- Arrest
- Preliminary Hearing
- Follow-Up Investigation
- Initial Appearance
A record maintained by a law enforcement agency concerning an arrest, including statements, evidence, and related charging information.
- Magistrate
- Follow-Up Investigation
- Graham v. Connor (1989)
- Arrest Report
The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial.
- Information
- Indictment
- Magistrate
- Standing Mute
A document that when filed with the court begins formal criminal proceedings against the defendant, such as complaints, information, and indictments.
- Graham v. Connor (1989)
- Charging Document
- Grand Jury
- Presentence Report
Refusing to speak when asked a question, especially in court.
- Standing Mute
- Booking
- Objectively Reasonable
- Initial Appearance
The lawyers in a case.
- Counsel
- Plea
- Objectively Reasonable
- Pretrial Services Officer
Attorneys that conduct most of the trial work in which the United States is a party.
- Grand Jury
- U.S. Attorney
- Knowingly and Voluntarily
- Probable Cause
The process of identifying, searching, and charging a person before they are admitted to jail.
- Preliminary Investigation
- Initial Appearance
- Booking
- Arrest Report
A SCOTUS decision where an objective reasonableness standard was adopted for evaluating excessive force claims against police.
- Knowingly and Voluntarily
- Charging Document
- Arrest Report
- Graham v. Connor (1989)
The deprivation of a person’s freedom of movement.
- U.S. Attorney
- Charging Document
- Preliminary Hearing
- Arrest
Pretrial services officers focus on investigating the backgrounds of federal criminal defendants to help the court determine whether to release or detain them while they await trial.
- Information
- Objectively Reasonable
- Pretrial Services Officer
- Arrest Report
A formal accusation by a government attorney that the defendant committed a criminal offense.
- Preliminary Hearing
- Booking
- Magistrate
- Information
A report summarizing for the court the background information needed to determine the appropriate sentence.
- Preliminary Hearing
- Standing Mute
- Presentence Report
- Arrest
A reasonably prudent and cautious person would find an office’s actions reasonable under the circumstances.
- Objectively Reasonable
- Booking
- Plea
- Preliminary Investigation
A minor judicial official with limited authority.
- Information
- Magistrate
- Indictment
- Probable Cause
The defendant’s statement of “guilty” or “not guilty” in answer to the charges.
- Arrest Report
- Graham v. Connor (1989)
- Knowingly and Voluntarily
- Plea
Investigative activities that take place as soon as an officer arrives at the crime scene.
- Objectively Reasonable
- Indictment
- Preliminary Investigation
- Charging Document
“…facts and circumstances within the officers’ knowledge…are sufficient in themselves to warrant a man of reasonable caution in the belief that an offense has been or is being committed.”
- Arrest
- Probable Cause
- Plea
- Graham v. Connor (1989)
An amount of force that a reasonable person would deem necessary to accomplish a lawful objective and no more.
- Preliminary Investigation
- Grand Jury
- Reasonable Force
- Presentence Report
A legal requirement ( that defendants understand the potential outcomes of what they are doing, and that they are doing so free of coercion.
- Preliminary Hearing
- Magistrate
- Knowingly and Voluntarily
- Grand Jury
Police information gathering that takes place between the filing of the initial report and the case being ready for trial.
- Follow-Up Investigation
- Plea
- Magistrate
- Probable Cause
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