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- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Criminal_Procedure%3A_A_Free_Law_School_Casebook_2e_(Alexander_and_Trachtenberg)/04%3A_The_Exclusionary_Rule/4.01%3A_Chapter_31_-_Introduction_to_the_Exclusionary_RuleThis page emphasizes the importance of the Fourth Amendment in protecting citizens from arbitrary governmental actions and promotes adherence to the exclusionary rule, which prohibits the use of illeg...This page emphasizes the importance of the Fourth Amendment in protecting citizens from arbitrary governmental actions and promotes adherence to the exclusionary rule, which prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence. It discusses various legal cases highlighting unlawful searches and the need for judicial integrity, while also reflecting on dissenting opinions about the necessity and implications of the exclusionary rule.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Criminal_Procedure%3A_A_Free_Law_School_Casebook_2e_(Alexander_and_Trachtenberg)/04%3A_The_Exclusionary_Rule/4.03%3A_Chapter_33_-_Exclusionary_Rule-_Standing_and_ExceptionsThis page explores the exclusionary rule and its limitations regarding the Fourth and Fifth Amendments, highlighting key Supreme Court cases. It discusses the standing of individuals (like passengers ...This page explores the exclusionary rule and its limitations regarding the Fourth and Fifth Amendments, highlighting key Supreme Court cases. It discusses the standing of individuals (like passengers in vehicles) to challenge unconstitutional searches and the nuances of privacy expectations. Additionally, it covers the attenuation doctrine, detailing cases where evidence obtained post-violation may be admissible if found through independent lawful means.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Criminal_Procedure%3A_A_Free_Law_School_Casebook_2e_(Alexander_and_Trachtenberg)/02%3A_The_Fourth_Amendment/2.15%3A_Chapter_16_-_The_Warrant_Requirement-_Exceptions_(Part_8)This page analyzes the legality of searches by school officials and public employers under the Fourth Amendment, focusing on landmark cases like New Jersey v. T.L.O. and Safford Unified School Distric...This page analyzes the legality of searches by school officials and public employers under the Fourth Amendment, focusing on landmark cases like New Jersey v. T.L.O. and Safford Unified School District v. Redding. It discusses the balance between individual privacy rights and institutional safety, arguing that while school searches must be reasonable, they also require justification to avoid violating student rights. Additionally, it covers City of Ontario v.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Criminal_Procedure%3A_A_Free_Law_School_Casebook_2e_(Alexander_and_Trachtenberg)/03%3A_Interrogations/3.01%3A_Chapter_22_-_Due_Process_and_the_Voluntariness_RequirementThis page discusses constitutional regulation of interrogations by the U.S. Supreme Court, emphasizing coerced confessions in several key cases. It highlights Brown v. Mississippi and E.E. Ashcraft v....This page discusses constitutional regulation of interrogations by the U.S. Supreme Court, emphasizing coerced confessions in several key cases. It highlights Brown v. Mississippi and E.E. Ashcraft v. Tennessee's rulings against involuntary confessions due to police brutality and coercive tactics. Several cases illustrate the legal and ethical complexities of confession admissibility, particularly regarding mental illness and police conduct.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Civil_Law/Foundations_of_Business_Law_and_the_Legal_Environment/04%3A_Constitutional_Law_and_US_Commerce/4.01%3A_Basic_Aspects_of_the_US_ConstitutionThis page outlines the U.S. Constitution's key concepts, including federalism, separation of powers, and individual rights. It highlights the significance of judicial review and discusses landmark cas...This page outlines the U.S. Constitution's key concepts, including federalism, separation of powers, and individual rights. It highlights the significance of judicial review and discusses landmark cases such as Dred Scott and Roe v. Wade. The text examines the challenges of constitutional amendments and ongoing debates around judicial philosophy and the Supreme Court's role, particularly regarding privacy rights and the authority to overturn past rulings.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Criminal_Procedure%3A_A_Free_Law_School_Casebook_2e_(Alexander_and_Trachtenberg)/02%3A_The_Fourth_Amendment/2.11%3A_Chapter_12_-_The_Warrant_Requirement-_Exceptions_(Part_4)This page examines the concept of "exigent circumstances" that permits warrantless searches by law enforcement under specific threats to public safety, urgency, or evidence preservation. Key Supreme C...This page examines the concept of "exigent circumstances" that permits warrantless searches by law enforcement under specific threats to public safety, urgency, or evidence preservation. Key Supreme Court cases, including Warden v. Hayden, Payton v. New York, Brigham City v. Stuart, and Kentucky v. Hollis Deshaun King, highlight the tensions between individual privacy rights under the Fourth Amendment and the need for swift police action.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Criminal_Procedure%3A_A_Free_Law_School_Casebook_2e_(Alexander_and_Trachtenberg)/01%3A_Introduction/1.01%3A_Chapter_1_-_What_Is_This_BookThis page provides an overview of U.S. criminal procedure law, emphasizing the constitutional limitations on police and prosecutors during investigations. It critiques cases of coerced confessions and...This page provides an overview of U.S. criminal procedure law, emphasizing the constitutional limitations on police and prosecutors during investigations. It critiques cases of coerced confessions and due process violations, underscoring the judiciary's responsibility to ensure justice.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Criminal_Law/Criminal_Procedure%3A_A_Free_Law_School_Casebook_2e_(Alexander_and_Trachtenberg)/02%3A_The_Fourth_Amendment/2.02%3A_Chapter_3_-_What_Is_a_Search_Some_SpecificsThis page explores the application of the Fourth Amendment regarding privacy in searches, focusing on cases involving garbage searches, thermal imaging, and tracking technologies. The Supreme Court's ...This page explores the application of the Fourth Amendment regarding privacy in searches, focusing on cases involving garbage searches, thermal imaging, and tracking technologies. The Supreme Court's rulings often find no reasonable expectation of privacy in public trash or in data shared with companies, invoking dissent on privacy intrusions. Discussions on technological advancements highlight concerns over surveillance and personal privacy rights.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Civil_Law/Foundations_of_Business_Law_and_the_Legal_Environment/21%3A_CorporationGeneral_Characteristics_and_Formation/21.01%3A_Historical_BackgroundThis page explains the historical development of corporate formation, stressing its roots in political and religious contexts and the initial constraints imposed by royal authority. It details the ris...This page explains the historical development of corporate formation, stressing its roots in political and religious contexts and the initial constraints imposed by royal authority. It details the rise of joint-stock companies and the impact of England's Bubble Act of 1720, which stunted corporate growth until the 19th century. In contrast, U.S. corporate laws became more liberal, particularly in Delaware, leading to a proliferation of registered corporations.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Civil_Law/Foundations_of_Business_Law_and_the_Legal_Environment/04%3A_Constitutional_Law_and_US_CommerceThis page outlines learning objectives aimed at understanding the US Constitution's historical importance and structure, particularly regarding its impact on business and commerce. Key topics include ...This page outlines learning objectives aimed at understanding the US Constitution's historical importance and structure, particularly regarding its impact on business and commerce. Key topics include judicial review, the powers of Congress and states, and the supremacy clause, which balances state and federal laws.
- https://biz.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Civil_Law/Foundations_of_Business_Law_and_the_Legal_Environment/04%3A_Constitutional_Law_and_US_Commerce/4.06%3A_CasesThis page covers several significant legal cases. Griswold v. Connecticut emphasized a fundamental right to privacy against state contraceptive bans. Kassel v. Consolidated Freightways ruled that Iowa...This page covers several significant legal cases. Griswold v. Connecticut emphasized a fundamental right to privacy against state contraceptive bans. Kassel v. Consolidated Freightways ruled that Iowa's truck length restrictions violated the Commerce Clause due to lack of safety justification. A North Carolina statute was declared unconstitutional for discriminating against out-of-state apple growers.
