4.8: Key Terms
- Page ID
- 100048
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)| Words (or words that have the same definition) | The definition is case sensitive | (Optional) Image to display with the definition [Not displayed in Glossary, only in pop-up on pages] | (Optional) Caption for Image | (Optional) External or Internal Link | (Optional) Source for Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Eg. "Genetic, Hereditary, DNA ...") | (Eg. "Relating to genes or heredity") |  |
The infamous double helix | https://bio.libretexts.org/ | CC-BY-SA; Delmar Larsen |
| Word(s) | Definition | Image | Caption | Link | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| authority | the right to give orders, supervise the work of others, and make certain decisions | ||||
| B2B buying process | encompasses 8 stages: problem recognition, need description, product specification, supplier search, proposal selection, supplier selection, order-routine specification, performance review | ||||
| bill of materials | a comprehensive inventory of the raw materials, assemblies, subassemblies, parts, and components | ||||
| brokers | individuals or businesses that bring buyers and sellers together, usually for a commission | ||||
| business objectives and goals | achievable outcomes that provide a framework for achieving success | ||||
| business-to-business (B2B) | a transaction or business conducted between one business and another | ||||
| buy classes | buying situations that are distinguished on four characteristics: newness to decision makers, number of alternatives to be considered, uncertainty inherent in the buying situation, and the amount of information needed for making a buying decision | ||||
| buyers | the people in the buying center who handle the paperwork of the actual purchase | ||||
| buying center | groups of people within organizations who make purchasing decisions | ||||
| competition | the rivalry between companies selling similar products and services with the goal of achieving revenue, profit and market share growth | ||||
| deciders | the people in the buying center who ultimately determine any part of the entire buying decision | ||||
| derived demand | market demand for a good or service that results from a demand for a related good or service | ||||
| direct demand | the demand for a commodity for direct consumption purposes | ||||
| economic factors | factors that affect the economy, such as interest rates, tax rates, laws, policies, wages, and government actions | ||||
| expertise | expert skill or knowledge in a particular field | ||||
| Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) | a US statute that prohibits firms and individuals from paying bribes to foreign officials | ||||
| gatekeepers | individuals in the buying center who control information and/or access to decision makers and influencers | ||||
| government markets | purchases made by the governing bodies of nations, states, or communities | ||||
| influence | the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something | ||||
| influencers | individuals whose views influence other members of the buying center in making the final decision | ||||
| initiator | the person in the buying center who first suggests or thinks of the idea of buying the product or service | ||||
| institutions | organizations, establishments, foundations, societies, or the like devoted to the promotion of a particular cause or program, especially one of a public, educational, or charitable character | ||||
| modified rebuy | a buying situation in which an individual or organization buys goods that have been purchased previously but changes either the supplier or some element of the previous order | ||||
| new-task buy | a complex B2B buying situation in which the organization buys a product or service for the first time | ||||
| personality | the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual’s distinctive character | ||||
| political and legal factors | factors such as the political system, the political situation, and government policies that influence B2B buying decisions | ||||
| producers | those individuals or businesses who buy raw goods to use in the creation of goods or services | ||||
| product specifications | a document carrying essential information to keep teams on track when designing and developing a product | ||||
| resellers | companies or individuals (merchants) that purchase goods or services with the intention of selling, leasing, or renting rather than consuming or using them | ||||
| retailers | businesses that sell goods to consumers in relatively small quantities for personal consumption | ||||
| social environment | the values, attitudes, beliefs, wants, and desires of the consuming public | ||||
| straight rebuys | purchases in which the business customer buys the same goods from the same supplier in the same quantity at the same terms and requires minimal decision making | ||||
| systems selling | selling a complete solution to a problem or need rather than one or more of the component parts | ||||
| technology | applications of science, data, engineering, and information for business purposes | ||||
| users | the people who consume or use the product or service | ||||
| wholesalers | businesses that typically purchase larger quantities from producers and then resell them to retailers | ||||
| workforce skills | also called employability skills, the basic skills a person must have to succeed in any workplace |