3.7: Key Terms
- Page ID
- 100033
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| (Eg. "Genetic, Hereditary, DNA ...") | (Eg. "Relating to genes or heredity") |  |
The infamous double helix | https://bio.libretexts.org/ | CC-BY-SA; Delmar Larsen |
| Word(s) | Definition | Image | Caption | Link | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4Ps | the “marketing mix”—product, price, promotion, and place | ||||
| attitudes | a learned set of emotions, beliefs, and behaviors developed toward a particular brand, object, person, thing, or event | ||||
| beliefs | ideas that a person holds as being true | ||||
| buyer’s black box | a model used in the study of the buying behavior of consumers | ||||
| cognitive dissonance | the mental conflict that occurs when a person’s behaviors and beliefs do not align; also referred to as buyer’s remorse | ||||
| complex buying behavior | the consumer buying behavior that occurs when the consumer is highly involved with the purchase and perceives significant differences between brands | ||||
| consumer buying behavior | the actions taken by consumers before buying a product or service | ||||
| consumer decision process | the process through which consumers become aware of and identify their needs, collect information on how to best solve those needs, evaluate alternative options, make a purchasing decision, and evaluate their purchase | ||||
| consumer market | a market where consumers purchase products and/or services for consumption | ||||
| cultural factors | a set of values or ideologies of a particular community or group of individuals that include culture, subcultures, social class, and gender | ||||
| culture | the pattern of learned and shared behavior and beliefs of a particular social, ethnic, or age group | ||||
| dissonance-reducing buying behavior | any activity aimed at decreasing the tension or feelings of discomfort and unease that accompany an unfamiliar purchase | ||||
| economic situation | a measure of a consumer’s income and financial situation | ||||
| environmental factors | factors such as music, lighting, ambient noise, and smell that can either discourage or encourage a consumer’s purchase decision | ||||
| family | a group of persons united by ties of marriage, blood, or adoption, or those who live in the same household | ||||
| gender | the socially constructed roles, behaviors, and norms of individuals, which vary between societies and over time | ||||
| habitual buying behavior | consumer buying decisions made out of “habit” and without much deliberation or product comparison | ||||
| heuristics | mental shortcuts that allow people to solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently | ||||
| learning | the acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience, study, or being taught | ||||
| life cycle stages | various stages in a human’s life, including fetus, baby, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and elderly | ||||
| lifestyle | the habits, attitudes, tastes, moral standards, economic level, etc. that together constitute the mode of living for an individual or group | ||||
| Maslow’s hierarchy of needs | a theory of motivation by Abraham Maslow which states that five categories of human needs dictate an individual’s behavior | ||||
| motivation | the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors | ||||
| occupation | an activity or task with which one occupies oneself, usually the productive activity, service, trade, or craft for which one is regularly paid | ||||
| perception | the manner in which sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced | ||||
| personality | the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual’s distinctive character | ||||
| product differentiation | a marketing strategy in which a brand identifies the one thing that makes it genuinely different from competitors | ||||
| reference groups | groups that consumers compare themselves to or associate with | ||||
| roles | the set of norms, values, behaviors, and personality characteristics attached to a status | ||||
| selective attention | the process of directing one’s awareness to relevant stimuli while ignoring irrelevant stimuli in the environment | ||||
| selective distortion | a tendency of people to interpret information in a manner that supports what they already believe | ||||
| selective retention | the tendency of people to retain only part of the information to which they are exposed | ||||
| social class | a group of people within a society that possesses the same or similar socioeconomic status | ||||
| social factors | factors that are prevalent in the society where a consumer lives | ||||
| status | the relative social, professional, or other standing of an individual | ||||
| subculture | a cultural group within a larger culture, often having beliefs or interests at variance with those in the larger culture | ||||
| variety-seeking buying behavior | the buying tendencies of consumers who do not have a high involvement with a product when there are significant differences between brands |