3: Interrogations
- Page ID
- 96412
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- 3.1: Chapter 22 - Due Process and the Voluntariness Requirement
- This page discusses constitutional regulation of interrogations by the U.S. Supreme Court, emphasizing coerced confessions in several key cases. It highlights Brown v. Mississippi and E.E. Ashcraft v. Tennessee's rulings against involuntary confessions due to police brutality and coercive tactics. Several cases illustrate the legal and ethical complexities of confession admissibility, particularly regarding mental illness and police conduct.
- 3.2: Chapter 23 - The Miranda Rule
- This page reviews the Miranda Rule from Miranda v. Arizona, which mandates that law enforcement inform suspects of their rights during interrogation to protect against involuntary confessions and ensure the validity of statements made. It highlights psychological interrogation tactics that may undermine these rights, the importance of the Fifth Amendment, and the need for legal counsel.
- 3.3: Chapter 24 - The Miranda Rule- What Is Custody?
- This page covers the Miranda Rule, emphasizing the distinction between "custody" and "seizure" in police interrogations, with key cases illustrating these concepts. Notably, Oregon v. Mathiason showed a lack of custody, while J.D.B. v. North Carolina highlighted the importance of considering a minor's age in custody analysis, advocating for a more nuanced approach.
- 3.4: Chapter 25 - The Miranda Rule- What Is Interrogation?
- This page explores various interpretations of the Miranda Rule related to interrogation rights. The Supreme Court's decisions in multiple cases illustrate the nuanced definitions of "interrogation" and the necessity of waivers of Miranda rights.
- 3.5: Chapter 26 - The Miranda Rule- Waiver
- This page discusses key rulings on the admissibility of confessions and the right to counsel during police interrogations. The Supreme Court upheld that waivers must be voluntary and knowledgeable, rejecting claims that police misconduct invalidates these waivers. It emphasizes the personal right to assert counsel and the need for clear requests for lawyers.
- 3.6: Chapter 27 - The Miranda Rule- Effect of Invocations of Rights
- This page examines the legal complexities regarding suspects' rights during police interrogations, maintaining focus on several landmark cases. The Supreme Court's rulings affirm the importance of respecting the right to silence and the need for legal counsel once invoked. Cases like Michigan v. Mosley and Minnick v. Mississippi highlight the conditions under which confessions can be deemed admissible or inadmissible.
- 3.7: Chapter 29 - The Sixth Amendment- The Massiah Doctrine
- This page examines the Sixth Amendment's right to counsel, emphasizing its applicability during trial and interrogation stages. Key cases like *Massiah v. United States* and Robert Williams' case underscore the necessity of legal representation, with courts reinforcing protections against unauthorized interrogations. Dissenting opinions challenge the exclusion of evidence based on counsel's absence, arguing for a reevaluation of the definitions of voluntary statements.
- 3.8: Chapter 28 - The Miranda Rule- Exceptions
- This page examines exceptions to the Miranda Rule, allowing admission of statements obtained without warnings in specific contexts, such as public safety, known as the "public safety exception," and others like impeachment and routine booking. Key Supreme Court cases illustrate these exceptions, highlighting divergent judicial opinions. Concerns arise regarding the erosion of Fifth Amendment protections and the potential for coercive practices in police interrogations.
- 3.9: Chapter 30 - The Sixth Amendment- Massiah Doctrine and Waiver of Rights
- This page explores the Sixth Amendment's right to counsel, particularly through the Massiah Doctrine and its application in cases like United States v. Billy Gale Henry and Jesse Montejo v. Louisiana. It discusses how incriminating statements made without counsel present were deemed inadmissible, raising concerns about the interpretation of “deliberate elicitation.” Dissenting opinions challenge this view, arguing for spontaneous statements' admissibility.